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Large woody debris (LWD) input, storage and distribution were studied along the Drome River, a French Alpine river with an active shifting channel and a well-developed riparian forest. LWD input from the floodplain is low: 669.6 mg year -1 between 1948 and 1971 and 569.3 mg year -1 between 1971 and 1991. Based on estimates of average LWD mass per study plot, a range of 766-2122...
Landscape evolution in terrains that have been unaffected by glacial or aeolian erosion, occurs by cycles of deep weathering and stripping. Several factors have been proposed to control these cycles including sea level, climate and tectonics. In this study, a tectonic model of landscape evolution recently developed for Uganda, was tested by detailed study of the weathered mantle. The study involved...
The origin of extensive sand terrains which lie inland from the coastal margin of Western Australia is contentious, with the debate centering around an in situ vs. an aeolian origin. To resolve this debate the shape and surface features of sand grains are reported for sandplains, sand dunes and bedrock for the Victoria Plateau sandplain, which lies in the central west coastal region of Western Australia...
Within a few decades of European settlement, channel incision transformed discontinuous river courses throughout Wolumla catchment, on the south coast of New South Wales, Australia. The development of continuous channels greatly increased sediment delivery from the catchment. This paper documents the character, timing and proportion of sediment sourced from upland valley fills, channel expansion sites,...
The terrestrial ice limits of the Last Glacial Maximum ice sheets are well understood, but areas submerged during postglacial sea level rise have proved more difficult to accurately map. Fine grained diamicts in the Southern North Sea have been variously interpreted as glacial, glacioaqueous or periglacial in origin, implying different sedimentary environments. This has resulted in contrasting opinions...
The characteristics of, and the sources of the soil materials for, pottery groups manufactured in three ancient settlements of early Roman (late first century BC-first century AD) Galilee were studied by micromorphological techniques. The site-specific manufacturing proveniences of the three respective pottery groups have been previously demonstrated by chemical analysis. One of the sites, Kefar Hananya,...
The record of paleoenvironmental change retained within thin sections from loess-paleosol sequences is discussed with reference to case studies from western Europe, China and northwestern USA. The paleoenvironmental significance of individual micromorphological features such as calcitic concentrations, clay coatings and cryogenic structures are first evaluated, and the value of recognising and interpreting...
This study considers changes occurring on a soil surface after exposure to simulated rainfall. The soil surface in question has a crop cover of artificial maize, and interest focuses specifically on the surface features produced by leaf drips. An analytical photogrammetric approach is used to examine surface morphological change at a small scale (1 mm). These topographical changes are then related...
This paper reviews the facies and microfacies of the main types of slope deposits. Lamination and sorting, when preserved, are good evidence for overland flow. Features due to deformation (folds, boudins, coatings and tails due to the rotation of clasts) are associated with the early stages of deformation in earth slides. Other mass-movements such as debris flows, rock avalanches, earth flows, and...
The nature of alternating layers of clayey soil material and calcareous soil material in the desert fringe area is discussed. In earlier work by other researchers, these soil materials were considered as representing different climatic environments: the clayey layers a wet period and the calcareous layers a dry period. Based on a pedogenic approach supported by micromorphological indications, however,...
The purpose of this investigation is to describe and interpret the sedimentology and petrography of Late Weichselian varves in southeastern Sweden in order to determine their nature and origin. It is focused on the microscopic evidence for glaciolacustrine varve sedimentation in the Baltic Ice Lake and the possibilities of making a detailed facies classification of the sediments in an area with an...
A combination of micromorphology and different in situ sub microscopical techniques, performed on thin sections of soil, saprolite, and rock samples, was used to assess possible relationships between micro- and nano-variability and macro- and micro-environmental conditions of mineral transformation during weathering. Four examples, presented in this study illustrate variability in morphology, chemistry...
Microscopic study of twelve weathering profiles developed on granitic rocks in Galicia (NW Spain) showed that, in most cases, the transformation of the parent rock into saprolite occurs with pseudomorphic alteration of the plagioclases. It was seen that the transformation and the retention of plagioclases in the alteration profile are directly related to the conservation of the general structure of...
Micromorphology is the best technique to characterise the formation and evolution of parent materials and soils in terms of chronology and macro horizon sequence. The morpho-analytical description of soils gives an enumeration of the morphological characteristics that appear unrelated in many cases. It deals with the lowest level of classification and is most useful for genetic interpretation. However,...
Humic horizons of soil profiles often contain pollen and spores. Comparison of the sequence of pollen associations of soil profiles with pollen zones of reference diagrams offers palyno-ecological information, relevant for reconstruction of landscape ecological development. In palynological studies of semiterrestrial and aquatic deposits, pollen is considered to be part of the sediment and anaerobic...
The thick loess-paleosol-sequences in Tadzhikistan, which indirectly record the environmental changes from the Upper Pliocene to the present-day, have been extensively described from a chronostratigraphical and archaeological point of view. The genesis of the soil-sedimentary complexes and their implications for palaeoenvironmental reconstruction in Tadzhikistan, however, have been considered only...
Weathering of a calcalkaline granite was studied in the south of Galicia (NW Spain) where the average annual precipitation is 1400 mm and the average annual temperature is 12 o C. The original rock contains perthitic K-feldspars, plagioclases with inclusions of muscovite and opaque minerals, quartz and chloritized biotite, with apatite, zircon, sphene and opaques as accessories. In the saprolite...
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